Analysis Of Palm Oil Companies Vs. Animals - 2638 Words

PALM OIL COMPANIES VS. THE ANIMALS CONFLICT ANALYSIS MAJOR PAPER PEACE 101 – INSTRUCTOR: RANDY JANZEN BY: TAYLER DIXON Submitted March _______ Introduction: Palm oil is an essential ingredient we all use in our every day lives. This product is mostly manufactured in Africa, Southeast Asia, or Brazil. It’s used in shampoo, baked goods, cleaning substances, or even toothpaste (‘What’s the issue’, n.d.). As you can tell all of these are used daily, palm oil isn’t just only a crop used for certain little things, it’s used in every ones life all the time. In this paper I’ll be showing the two sides of palm oil. Where animals such as orangutans are becoming endangered because of the production of the oil. Also the making of palm oil is what keeps our world a content place, along with providing jobs for those who need it. Overall, this paper will show how such a large conflict can be dealt with a lot easier than how it’s actually being approached. The conflict: Palm oil does benefit countries and cities around Africa and Southeast Asia for jobs and more deporting of the oil to make money. However, this doesn’t mean this benefits everything in the vicinity of the oil production. Animals such as orangutans, elephants, and three hundred thousand other animals are all endangered and displaced during the time frame of oil formation (‘What’s The Issue’, n.d.). Furthermore this predicament causes a lot of stress on the animals involved in the changing of the forest and theirShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Palm Oil Plantations And Carbon Emissions1523 Words   |  7 Pagesexport earnings, palm oil is the most valuable agricultural export. Creating many environmental problems, including globally, cultivating large quantities of palm involves clearing substantial areas of virgin tropical rain forest. Additionally, local communities, indigenous people, and small landowners are driven from their own land. Leading to more than 700 land conflicts, human rights violations are increasingly breached, even on ‘sustainable’ plantations. Palm oil companies are regulated byRead MoreThe Process Of Globalization With The Technological Advancement And Communicational Revolution3273 Words   |  14 Pagesbeen an important port and trade route to Europe and Middle East in the 19th century. After that, it allowed the immigrants to invest and s ettle with the tax levied on them being used for the public welfare and revenue generation. The discovery of oil in 1966, enhanced the economic and trade activities in the city and in 1971, it opened the Dubai International Airport for the further facilitation of the people coming to the land and encouraged the administration to open another international routeRead MoreAgriculture and Technology6502 Words   |  27 PagesVidyalaya, IIT Kharagpur - Thank you - AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY Agriculture is the production of food and goods through farming. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of human civilization, with the husbandry of domesticated animals and plants (i.e. crops) creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more densely populated and stratified societies. The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science. Agriculture is also observed in certain species of ant andRead MoreEssay about This Is How Nike Became Famous9634 Words   |  39 Pagesnearly 5% of Dubai, a tiny emirate on the Arabian Gulf with population of one million. In addition to the park, Dubai had other ambitious development projects underway—all marvels of engineering—including three vast artificial resort islands shaped like palm trees, with one surrounded by smaller islands arranged to form the graceful lettering in an iconic Arabic poem,2 and a man-made archipelago of 300 private islands four kilometers from shore arranged in an ellipti cal Mollweide Projection of the worldRead More50 Harmful Effects of Genetically Modified (Gm) Foods14312 Words   |  58 PagesThus a farmer may use a chemical for many decades, and then let the land lie fallow to convert it back to organic farming. This is because the chemicals tend to break down into natural substances over time, Genetic pollution, however, can alter the oil s life forever! Farmers who view their land as their primary financial asset have reason to heed this warning. They need to be alarmed by evidence that genetically-modified soil bacteria contamination can arise. This is more than just possible, givenRead MoreHydraulic Fracking Essay15746 Words   |  63 PagesDescription According to dictionary.com hydraulic fracturing is â€Å"the process in which fractures in rocks below the earths surface are opened and widened by injecting chemicals and liquids at high pressure: used especially to extract natural gas or oil† (Dictionary.com, 2012). The description of Hydro Fracturing or commonly known as fracking is fairly simple. Drill a hole into the ground. Pump some water into the ground. Release natural gas for human consumption. The process sounds simple enough.Read MoreAn Impact Assessment of Science and Technology Policy on National Development of Nigeria61708 Words   |  247 Pagesdiscussion of the findings from the study. The data generated from interviews and questionnaires were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods. Four hypotheses were tested in order to quantitatively analyzed the findings from the study. The analysis confirmed all the hypotheses stated as well as the fact that ST policy has not played a critical role in national development and that Nigerian society is not aware of and hardly contribute to formulation of ST policy. Furthermore, the studyRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesharmony system in that it can occur with both sets of vowels, but belongs to the dotted set in that it selects dotted vowels to harmonize with it: á »â€¹mÄ“ á » mà ¨là ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¨ to do (vs. normal imÄ“) he did (vs. normal o mà ¨là ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¨) Furthermore, the sequences i-e, o-e appear in this dialect as á »â€¹-e, á » -e: á »â€¹fe thing (vs. normal ife) à ²Ã¯â‚¬ ¤ke rat (vs. normal à ²ke). When it was intended to use the Onitsha Town dialect throughout, these dotted forms were written, but later the more general forms were restored. The dottedRead MoreApplication of Gis in Natural Resourse Management10836 Words   |  44 Pagesdegradation, especially of forest cover has led to diminishing soil fertility, soil erosion, increase severity of the impact of drought, and the further reduction in the ability to produce food and other biological resources demanded by the human and animal population (ibid ) Nigeria is not an exception with reference to these problems. It is facing serious land and environmental degradation due to increasing anthropogenic pressure on its natural resources (Ministry of Environment 2002). 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Cultural Differences Between Thailand And The United...

The world consists of over 150 countries with different cultural values and practices (Gelfand, Nishii, Raver, 2006). Due to globalization, some countries have positively or negatively influenced the cultural diversity of other countries, while others have maintained their cultural purity despite the high rate of globalization. Therefore, some countries have experienced cultural convergence, while others have experienced cultural divergence. Cultural divergence is where the cultures of two or more countries tend to have many values that are incomparable and dissimilar, while cultural convergence is where two or more countries tend to have cultural values that closely relate to each other (Browaeys Price, 2011). For instance, in this regard, many developed countries have had a profound cultural influence on the less developed countries. The study of cultural divergence and convergence by using models such as cultural metaphors is important in management practices. These studies prov ide significant information in making strategic decisions of marketing or investing in a particular country. This paper seeks to compare and contrast the cultural differences between Thailand and the United States of America (U.S). It will achieve its aim using cultural metaphors and indigenous models to analyze the divergence of cultural values in both countries. It will also discuss the relevance of such cultural divergences to the management practices in both countries. Contextual comparisonShow MoreRelatedSexuality Is A Social Identity That Goes Beyond The Objectivity1636 Words   |  7 Pagesnation. Thailand, China, and India demonstrate how cultural power structures are developed or influenced in part by the collective sexualities and sexual practices of women and the roles they play within their communities, and subsequently their nations as a whole. Although the gender binary is not exclusive to the United States, there are clear components of the American gender system which have crossed transnational boundaries into Thailand. Lesbianism which is not exclusive to the United States asRead MoreEffect of Culture in International Business Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesreligious. So the foreigner who wants to operate the business at the overseas market have to understand the culture at the local market to become successful. In this report also compare between the similarities of culture between two countries such as Thailand-Malaysia and different in culture between China and United States. DEFINITIONS The term ‘Culture’ can be can be defined in more than 160 ways. According to (Terpstra and David 1985) they proposed the meaning of culture in internationalRead MoreWhy Hmong Families Left Laos1323 Words   |  5 PagesHmong families, like the Lees in the novel â€Å"The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down† have been immigrating to the United States since the end of the Vietnam War. The majority of the Hmong living in the U.S. are now located in specific cities and regions of California, Minnesota, and Wisconsin (Lee and Green 2010). The Lee family moved to the Merced, California in 1980 and has had to adapt to life in a new host country (Fadiman 1997). Acculturation is used to describe how the culture of immigrantsRead MoreHmong Culture : Influences On A European American Society1488 Words   |  6 PagesHmong primarily lived in Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand. They had a great impact in helping western forces during the Vietnam War, and wars in Laos in efforts to end Communism. The article continues and describes how many tried to escape from Laos; those that survived settled in refugee camps that had terrible living conditions. (Tatman, 2004). Although the Hmong are diffused around the world, their distinct cultural traditions and customs create a strong cultural identity. After discussing of the traditionsRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography of Articles about the American Culture861 Words   |  3 Pagestraditions, and attitudes from the perspectives of outsiders. DeVita and Armstrong emphasize that it is hard for a social scientist to fully understand the uniqueness and strangeness of ones culture. Growing up within the culture means accepting ones cultural assumptions for granted. Being closed to the perspectives only outsiders might have, those who grow up in American culture fail to ask the kind of questions that may reveal more about America. 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The MedLee: In Pursuit of a joint venture negotiation exercise refers to a joint venture between a US Company and a Family Thai Business Company. I had the role of Pat Armstrong (Med Device Representative: Director of International Strategic Market Research) the issues I had to negotiate were: decision making/control, staffing, profit distributionRead MoreAnalyzing Starbucks And Its Level Of Success Around The World956 Words   |  4 Pagesare possible cultural, political, and economic difficulties that lie ahead. To analyze Starbucks and its level of success around the world, I’ll be using Gramsci’s categories of base, structure, and super structure. For base, I will discuss how economics comes into play in China; for structure, I will explain the political barriers Starbucks faced integrating into the Indian market; and lastly, super structure will be examined by the struggle in Italy regarding cultural differences and StarbucksRead MoreTo most of us, globalizationà ¢â‚¬â€as a political, economic, social, and technological force—appears all1700 Words   |  7 Pagesterms—global citizens. This convergence is controversial, even offensive, to some who consider globalization a threat to their identity and way of life. It is not surprising; therefore, that globalization has evoked counter forces aimed at preserving differences and deepening a sense of local identity. Yet, at the same time, we increasingly take advantage of what a global economy has to offer—we drive BMWs and Toyotas, work with an Apple or IBM notebook, communicate with a Nokia phone or BlackBerry, wearRead MoreThe World s Most Visited City Of 2016 Essay2152 Words   |  9 PagesBangkok, Thailand is the world’s most visited city of 2016 (CNBC, September 2016). Bangkok is projected to have 21.47 million international visitors in 2016. What makes this Southeast Asian country such a popular destination among travelers? Could it be the ancient ruins of the country? Could it be the delicious and savory food we have all known to love? Or the friendliness of the people for which the country is nicknamed the â€Å"Land of Smiles.† No matter the reasons why people visit Thailand, the

Iron Crowned Chapter 23 Free Essays

I decided it would be best not to mention the twins thing to Kiyo. As it was, I was having a hard enough time processing it. Twins. We will write a custom essay sample on Iron Crowned Chapter 23 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Twins? This was the ultimate â€Å"when it rains, it pours† cliche. I’d gotten pregnant through an idiotic slip, putting me right in the line of the prophecy I’d tried to avoid for so long. And now, just when I’d managed to coax an early test so I could nip this situation in the bud, I was faced with a potential situation that I never, never could have foreseen. Kiyo had been right. I should have terminated the pregnancy the instant I found out, before I knew more about it. It was becoming real now. Every detail I learned made it more substantial, giving more life to what I carried within me. It’s not too late. You don’t have to wait for the results. Maybe it’s better if you don’t. I’d boldly told Jasmine that I’d keep the twins if they were girls, but the reality of that was harsh. How would I raise two children? I didn’t know if I could handle one. How could I manage motherhood when half my life was spent in another world? How could I even keep working? Would I get a nanny – or force my kids onto someone like Tim or my mom? That latter seemed pretty unlikely. And then, of course, I was faced with the most mundane problem of all. Money. â€Å"You’re going to be in serious trouble if you don’t start working again soon,† Lara told me the day after I’d seen the doctor. She’d spent the night again and was sitting at my kitchen table with me. In front of her, a laptop showed an array of spreadsheets. â€Å"You’re still okay †¦ but it won’t last. Part of your money goes into the business’s account – the one I’m paid from. The other profits go to your savings. The first one’s running pretty low †¦ and if it goes empty †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"We go into my savings,† I finished. She nodded. Her face was grim, a far cry from the giddiness she’d shown when she and Tim had stumbled out of bed this morning. A bitter part of me thought maybe I could pick up extra cash by charging her rent. I dismissed that, of course. None of this was her fault. â€Å"I know there’s †¦ stuff †¦ going on, Eugenie, but why can’t you start taking more jobs? You cut the workload before, and we still did okay, but now †¦ there’s next to nothing. Your savings can’t hold out that long. And what on earth did Enrique do that got us such a large bill?† I ignored that and simply stared at the numbers on the screen, my heart sinking. â€Å"I’ve got a lot of equity in the house.† â€Å"What?† Her jaw nearly dropped. â€Å"You’d risk your house instead of just taking on more work?† A terrible image came to my mind: me, trapped in some small apartment with two screaming babies. End it, just end it. â€Å"It’s just an option,† I pointed out. â€Å"A safety net. And speaking of which †¦ Did you talk to Enrique?† Lara nodded. â€Å"I did. I’m going to do a little administrative work for him on the side.† â€Å"Good.† One less thing to feel guilty about. â€Å"You’ll be okay then.† â€Å"This isn’t about me! I don’t understand. Why can’t you just take a couple of jobs? I’ve got reams of requests! There are easy ones, like that ghost the other day.† I tried to hide my dismay at that. â€Å"I haven’t been feeling well, that’s all. And this is kind of a physical line of work.† Lara’s blue eyes scrutinized me for several seconds. â€Å"Then maybe you’re the one who needs to be looking for another job.† â€Å"No!† I exclaimed. â€Å"This is what I do. It’s the only thing I do.† â€Å"But if you’re sick – â€Å" â€Å"I’m fine. I’m seeing the doctor tomorrow and then †¦Ã¢â‚¬  I faltered. And then what? â€Å"And then I’ll be fine. Back to work. My appointment’s at noon, so hell, you could schedule something later that afternoon. Find me a troll or a banshee.† She sighed. â€Å"I didn’t mean to upset you.† â€Å"I’m not upset.† But it was a lie. My volume had increased without my realizing it, and I felt flushed. Lara rose, shutting the laptop and picking up her plate. â€Å"Just get yourself better. We can figure this out then. Do you need a ride or anything tomorrow?† â€Å"I’m not that sick,† I told her. And, of course, I could always have my unlicensed teenage sister drive me. â€Å"We’ll be back in business again soon, you’ll see.† Lara gave me a tight smile, trying to hide concern but failing. She wandered off to Tim’s bedroom, and Jasmine sat up on the couch, where she’d overheard everything. â€Å"That’s a good idea, you know,† she said. â€Å"Sell this place. Just move to the Otherworld with the kids.† I started to rebuke her but paused. It was an option. I’d have plenty of daycare there – a whole castle of babysitters. My daughters would be raised like royalty. They were royalty. But raising them there meant they’d probably lose whatever humanity was in them. They would be gentry for all intents and purposes. Was that what I wanted? It was already happening to me. â€Å"They may be boys,† I reminded Jasmine. â€Å"Then it’s back to work.† Kiyo called that night, wanting to know if I’d heard anything. I told him it was too soon for the results but that I’d let him know when the doctor called. It was a small lie. As I’d slipped to Lara, I was actually going back to the office for the results. Twins had popped me into a high-risk category, apparently, and along with delivering the results in person, they’d wanted to do another ultrasound. I didn’t want Kiyo around for that, obviously, but I wouldn’t have minded him coming over that night. I wanted the contact, the love. Most importantly, I wanted to feel like he wasn’t repulsed by me in my current state. When noon came the next day, I went like someone going to her own funeral. My mind was blank, unable to focus on anything, and Jasmine probably would have been a safer driver. She’d come along; there’d been no discussion. Neither of us spoke on the drive over, and I could see she was wound just as tightly with tension. Whatever happened, it was going to be big. â€Å"Soon,† I murmured as we walked in. â€Å"Soon this’ll be over, one way or another.† Or not so soon. The office was running behind, and it was like the continuation of some cosmic joke. I’d been counting down the seconds until this moment, and now the wait was indefinite while Dr. Sartori caught up with his schedule. Admittedly, I’d never felt angry at doctors who fell behind. I figured it just meant they were giving needed time and care to their patients. Maybe he was tied up because some other woman had discovered she was having a world-conquering monster. â€Å"Eugenie?† The sound of my name made me flinch. A nurse smiled serenely at me. â€Å"We’re ready for you.† It was a repeat of before, changing into a gown and getting on the examination table. This is it, this is it. Dr. Sartori was back, but a different tech worked today. Her name was Ruth, and she had a kindly, almost grandmotherly air that felt reassuring. Like she could maybe fix all this. Dr. Sartori had a file of papers he began flipping through as Ruth lubed up my stomach. Again, I stared, still having a hard time believing there were two living beings in there. â€Å"Well,† he said. â€Å"I have good news.† Jasmine made a sound that almost sounded like a laugh. A bitter one, that is. Like me, she knew there was little that was going to be good here. In fact, things soon got worse. A knock sounded at the door, and the nurse I’d seen earlier stuck her head in. â€Å"I’m sorry to interrupt you,† she said. Her eyes fell on me. â€Å"There’s a man here who says he’s your boyfriend and that he was running late for the exam.† My mouth went dry. â€Å"Kiyo?† I managed. â€Å"That’s him. I’ll go get him.† She’d taken my ID of Kiyo as confirmation and acceptance. I opened my mouth to protest, but she was gone. I started to tell one of the others to go stop her, but by that point, Ruth’s paddle had made contact. The screen again showed shadowy forms, and the sound of those rapid heartbeats filled the room. â€Å"There they are,† said Dr. Sartori. â€Å"We can wait for your boyfriend before getting to the results.† â€Å"No, we – â€Å" The nurse returned with Kiyo, who was all charm and smiles as he introduced himself. â€Å"Sorry I’m late. I had the time wrong. Lara corrected me.† That last part was to me, and despite the pleasant expression on his face, I saw a hard look in his eyes. He didn’t like the deception. I had kept this from him, lying about when I’d get the results. How had he found me? Lara had known the time but not the place. For a moment, I thought Jasmine might be playing a game, but her face showed shock and wariness at his arrival. She was as surprised as me. The referral, I realized. He’d read it before and knew which doctor I was seeing. â€Å"Well, then,† continued Dr. Sartori. â€Å"Now that we’re all here, we can go over everything. You can rest easy about your family history. No trace of anything abnormal in either one. Both of the fetuses’ genetic tests came back fine.† It was a sign of Kiyo’s self-control that he said nothing because I could have sworn the word both? was on his lips. His only reaction was another sharp look at me, his expression growing darker as he realized what I’d been hiding. The doctor and tech were watching the monitor, so they didn’t see what Jasmine and I did. â€Å"And you know †¦ you know the gender?† I asked. Dr. Sartori nodded. â€Å"You can’t actually see it on the ultrasound now, but the one Ruth’s got a close-up of now †¦ that’s a girl.† I exhaled in relief, and yet †¦ somehow, I knew what his next words would be as Ruth shifted to the other amorphous blob. â€Å"And this one’s a boy.† Silence so cold and so heavy fell that I couldn’t believe neither of the office’s staff noticed the lack of joy this news was receiving. â€Å"A girl,† said Kiyo. â€Å"And a boy.† Dr. Sartori nodded, flipping through a few more pages. â€Å"Based on what you’ve told us and what we can see, we’re putting your due date around the end of October. Although, with twins, you’re at a higher risk for early delivery, so we’ll be seeing you more often than in a normal pregnancy. And while this test gives us a lot of info, it doesn’t tell everything, so you’ll have others soon. You haven’t had any pain since the CVS, have you? Any reactions?† â€Å"No,† I said flatly. My eyes were on those images, my world dominated by those heartbeats. â€Å"Good. You’ll still want to take it easy to avoid any miscarriage risk.† He went over a few more issues, told me when to come back, and then asked if we had any questions. I half-expected Kiyo to ask for an abortion then and there, but he was still biting back his words. It was going to be a for later conversation, I knew. Ruth cleaned me up and then retreated with the doctor. They gestured Kiyo along with them. â€Å"It’s crowded,† said Dr. Sartori good-naturedly. â€Å"You can meet up in the waiting room to schedule your next appointment.† â€Å"Yes,† said Kiyo, eyes boring into me. â€Å"We’ll talk out there.† I forced a pained smile, and Jasmine turned anxiously toward me the second the door shut. â€Å"He is pissed,† she said. â€Å"I know. You don’t have to tell me.† I pulled on my clothes, my limbs feeling leaden. â€Å"Oh God. I can’t believe this is happening. Why? Why did I defy the odds? It was a one in three chance. One in three!† My voice was turning hysterical, as I begged this teen girl for answers. â€Å"All girls. All boys. Either was more likely than this. Why couldn’t it have been one of those? Why couldn’t we have had an easy fix?† Jasmine’s face was solemn. â€Å"But you do. You said if one was a boy, you’d still have an abortion. You said you’d do it.† There was a challenge in her voice. I finished putting on my shoes and looked away from her. The monitor was black, the room silent, but I could still hear the heartbeats in my head. If I had an abortion to ensure the prophecy wasn’t fulfilled, I’d be taking an innocent life. My daughter – that concept was still crazy to me – had no part in this. It wasn’t her fault her brother was destined for blood and destruction. Really, was it even his fault? There was hardly anything to him yet. Just a shadow. And a heartbeat. How could you dictate the future of someone not even born? How could you know what he would turn into? Was anyone’s potential really set in stone? And how could I be the one to kill that potential? How could I silence that heartbeat? Either of them. â€Å"Eugenie?† Jasmine’s voice was puzzled. â€Å"You’re going to do it, right?† I lifted my eyes from my feet. â€Å"I – I don’t know.† â€Å"You have to.† A new voice spoke in the room. My skin tingled, and suddenly, Deanna materialized before us. I jumped. In light of everything else that had been happening in my life, she’d kind of gone off my radar. I’d left her in Enrique’s hands and assumed that everything was settled with her when she hadn’t answered my summoning. â€Å"What the hell?† I demanded. â€Å"What are you doing here?† So much for her moving on. Deanna looked like she always did, wearing that desolate look ghosts so often had. â€Å"You have to,† she repeated, ignoring my questions. Her expression grew bleaker. â€Å"If you don’t get rid of your children, Kiyo will kill you.† How to cite Iron Crowned Chapter 23, Essay examples

The Brethren Essay Example For Students

The Brethren Essay The book I read was The Brethren, by John Grisham. It was a suspense book. Three judges, called The Brethren by their fellow prisoners, lived in a very minimal security prison. They had just begun fine tuning a mail scam that extorted homosexuals with families and lots of money. Then, they snag the wrong person, someone very powerful on the outside. It seems The Brethrens days of scamming are over.This was a great book for many reasons. The first reason is it was sort of double sided. What I mean by that is it explained 2 stories at once, the story of Aaron Lake and the story of The Brethren. We will write a custom essay on The Brethren specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I liked this because it helped to understand the situation a lot better. It also helped understand the characters a lot more too. Another thing I liked about this book is the fact that the scam was brilliant. The Brethren had nothing to loose because they were already in prison, and they had so much to gain. These (the victims of the scam) were people who couldnt talk against The Brethren for fear of being caught by their families. One example of the fact that the victims couldnt report this to the police was when The Brethren snagged Quince Garbe, who lived in a small town and whos father owned a bank. If Quince spoke out against The Brethren, he would loose his fathers inheritance to the bank, and the whole town would disrespect him. After he gave the Brethren their asking price of $100,000, they immediately asked for another $20,000. He had no choice but to pay them. Another reason I liked this book was it showed how corrupt our government could be. Aaron Lake pretty much bought the election, getting almost 60 million dollars from defense contractors in return to double the military budget. Of course, he did have quite a bit of help from the C. I.A. who staged events in the Middle East to increase enthusiasm for the doubled military budget. On a scale of one to five (five being the highest rating) I would give this book a 4. It was a pretty good plot and you didnt know what was going to happen next. You didnt know if The Brethren would nail Aaron Lake or if the C.I.A. would knock off The Brethren before they could nail him. I would first recommend this book to anyone that likes reading because you have to like reading in order to enjoy a longer book like this is. But if you are an experienced reader, and you know what you like, then this book is for people who enjoy mystery, drama, and great ending. Bibliography:

History of American Economic Growth in the 20th Century

History of American Economic Growth in the 20th Century As the American economy matured in the 20th century, the freewheeling business mogul lost luster as an American ideal. The crucial change came with the emergence of the corporation, which appeared first in the railroad industry. Other industries soon followed. Business barons were being replaced by technocrats, high-salaried managers who became the heads of corporations. By the start of the 20th century, the era of the industrialist and the robber baron was coming to a close. It was not so much that these influential and wealthy entrepreneurs (who generally personally owned majority and controlling stakes in their industry) disappeared, but rather that they were replaced with corporations.  The rise of the corporation triggered, in turn, the rise of an organized labor movement that served as a countervailing force to the power and influence of business. The Changing Face of the Early American Corporation The largest early 20th-century corporations were much larger and more complicated than the commercial enterprises that came before. To maintain profitability in a changing economic climate, American companies in industries as diverse as oil refining to whiskey distilling began to emerge in the late 19th century. These new corporations, or trusts, were exploiting a strategy known as horizontal combination, which granted those corporations the ability to limit production in order to raise prices and maintain profitability. But these corporations regularly ran into legal trouble as violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Some companies took another route, employing a strategy of vertical integration. Instead of maintaining prices through control of the production supply as in horizontal strategies, vertical strategies relied on obtaining control in all aspects of the supply chain required to produce their product, which gave these corporations more control over their costs. With more control over costs came more stable and protected profitability for the corporation. With the development of these more complicated corporations came the need for new management strategies. Though the highly centralized management of previous eras did not entirely disappear, these new organizations gave rise to more decentralized decision-making through divisions. While still overseen by central leadership, divisional corporate executives would eventually be given more responsibility for business decisions and leadership in their own piece of the corporation. By the 1950s, this multi-divisional organizational structure became the growing norm for large corporations, which generally moved corporations away from reliance on high-profile executives and solidified the fall of the business barons of the past.  Ã‚   The Technological Revolution of the 1980s and 1990s The technological revolution of the 1980s and 1990s,  however, brought a new entrepreneurial culture that echoed the age of tycoons. For instance, Bill Gates, the head of Microsoft, built an immense fortune developing and selling computer software. Gates carved out an empire so profitable that by the late 1990s, his company was taken into court and accused of intimidating rivals and creating a monopoly by the U.S. Justice Departments antitrust division. But Gates also established a charitable foundation that quickly became the largest of its kind. Most American business leaders of today do not lead the high-profile life of Gates. They differ greatly from the tycoons of the past. While they direct the fate of corporations, they also serve on boards of charities and schools. They are concerned about the state of the national economy and Americas relationship with other nations, and they are likely to fly to Washington to confer with government officials. While they undoubtedly influe nce the government, they do not control it - as some tycoons in the Gilded Age believed they did.

List of French Homophones and Meanings

List of French Homophones and Meanings Homophones are words that have the same pronunciation but different meanings and, sometimes, spellings. Therefore, French homophones can cause difficulties in oral comprehension and spelling. These pages should help you to understand the difference between the most common French homophones. French Homophones: O o, oh - see auon (indefinite subject pronoun) - one, we, they  Ã‚  Ã‚  On y va ? - Are we going?ont - third person plural conjugation of avoir (to have)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils ont des questions - They have some questionsorange - (invariable adjective) orange  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai trois chemises orange - I have three orange shirtsune orange - orange (fruit)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai achetà © trois oranges - I bought three orangesou, oà ¹ - see aoà »t French Homophones: P la paie - payla paix - peacele pet - (familiar) fartle pain - bread  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je dois acheter du pain - I need to buy some breadle pin - pine  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je crois que cest un pin - I think its a pine (tree)pair (adjective) - even  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un nombre pair - Its an even numberle pair - peer  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est acceptà © par ses pairs - He is accepted by his peersla paire - pair  Ã‚  Ã‚  une paire de ciseaux - a pair of scissorsle pà ¨re - father  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest mon pà ¨re - Its my fatherpar (preposition) - by/with  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cette histoire a à ©tà © à ©crite par un enfant - This story was written by a childpars - first and second person singular conjugation of partir (to leave)  Ã‚  Ã‚   quelle heure pars-tu ? - What time do you leave?part - third person singular conjugation of partirune part - part, portion  Ã‚  Ã‚  la part du lion - the lions shareparce que (conjunctive phrase) - because  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je lai fait parce que javais peur - I did it because I was scaredpar c e que - preposition par indefinite relative pronoun ce que  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je suis surpris par ce que vous dites - Im surprised by what you are sayingparti - past participle of partir (to leave)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est dà ©j parti - He already left. un parti - (political) party; option, course of actionune partie - part, amount  Ã‚  Ã‚  Divisez-le en quatre parties - Divide it into four parts.la pà ¢te - pastry, dough, pasteles pà ¢tes - pastala patte - pawla peau - skin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Les soins de la peau sont trà ¨s importants - Skin care is very importantle pot - jar, pot, can  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai achetà © un pot de confiture - I bought a jar of jam(un) peu - (a) little  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai un peu dargent - I have a little moneypeux - first and second person singular conjugation of pouvoir (can, to be able)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je peux le faire - I can do itpeut - third person singular conjugation of pouvoirphare - see fardphiltre - see filtreplus tà ´t - sooner, earlier  Ã‚  Ã‚  On doit commencer une heure plus tà ´t - We need to start an hour earlierplutà ´t - (adverb) rather, instead  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je prà ©fà ¨re plutà ´t la chemise rouge - Id rather have the red shirtle poids - weightle pois - pea, dotla poix - tar, pitchle poing - fistà ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il ma montrà © le poing ! - He shook his fist at me!le point - point, place; stitch  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quel est son point de congà ©lation ? - What is its freezing point?le porc - pig, pork  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne mange pas le porc - I dont eat porkle port - port, harbor  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est sorti du port - He left portle pouce - thumbla pousse - sproutprà ¨s (adverb) - near, nearby  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jhabite tout prà ¨s - I live nearbyprà ªt (adjective) - ready  Ã‚  Ã‚  Es-tu prà ªt ? - Are you ready?pu - past participle of the French verb pouvoir (to be able)pue(s) - singular conjugations of the French verb puer (to stink)puent - third person plural conjugation of puerla pub (apocope of publicità ©) - ad, advert, advertising  Ã‚  Ã‚  As-tu vu leur nouvelle pub ? - Have you seen their new ad?le pub - bar, pub  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest mon pub prà ©fà ©rà © - Its my favorite bar French Homophones: Q q  - see  culquand  - when  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quand vas-tu partir ?  - When are you going to leave?quant  - as for  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quant tes idà ©es†¦Ã‚  - As for your ideas†¦quen  -  contraction  of  que  Ã‚  en  (adverbial pronoun)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quen pensez-vous ?  - What do you think about it?le  camp  - camp, side  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a changà © de camp  - He changed sidesquart  - see  carque  (interrogative pronoun) - what  Ã‚  Ã‚  Que veux-tu ?  - What do you want?que  (relative pronoun) - than, that  Ã‚  Ã‚  Voici le livre que jai à ©crit  - Here is the book that I wrotela  queue  - line, tail  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il faut faire la queue  - We have to stand in linequeux  -  contraction  of  que  Ã‚  eux  (stressed pronoun)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai plus didà ©es queux  - I have more ideas than they doNote:  The vowel sound in  que  is slightly different than in the other two, but for non-native speakers these are likely to sound like h omophonesquel(le)(s)  - (interrogative adjective) which  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quel livre vas-tu acheter ?  - Which book are you going to buy?quelle  -  contraction of  que  Ã‚  elle  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tu es plus jolie quelle  - You are prettier than she isquelque(s)  - some  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il y a quelques problà ¨mes  - There are some problemsquel(le)(s) que  -  whatever  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quels que soient les problà ¨mes†¦Ã‚  - Whatever the problems may be†¦quelquefois  - sometimes (adverb)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒâ€¡a marche quelquefois  - It works sometimesquelques fois  -  a few times  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jy suis allà © quelques fois  - Ive gone there a few timesquil  - contraction of  que  Ã‚  il  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je pense quil est l  - I think hes therequils  - contraction of  que  Ã‚  ils  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je pense quils sont l  - I think they are therequoique  (subordinating conjunction) - although  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quoique je suis malade†¦Ã‚  - Although I am sick†¦quoi que  (conjunctive phrase) - whatever  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quoi que tu penses†¦Ã‚  - Whatever you may think†¦ French Homophones: R r  - letter of the  French alphabetair  - (masculine noun) air; appearance  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a lair malade  - He looks sickune  aire  - area, zone, eyrie  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je cherche une aire de jeux  - Im looking for a playgroundune  Ãƒ ¨re  - era  Ã‚  Ã‚  En lan 1999 de notre à ¨re  - In 1900 ADla  reine  - queenle  renne  - reindeerla  rose  - rose  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jaime bien les roses  - I really like rosesle  rose  -  pink  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je prà ©fà ¨re la chemise rose  - I prefer the pink shirtla  roue  - wheel  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je sais changer une roue  - I know how to change a tirele  roux  -  red(-head), roux  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a les cheveux roux  - He has red hairFor the difference in pronunciation between  roue/roux  and  rue, see my lesson on  OU vs U French Homophones: S s  - letter of the  French alphabetà ¨s  - in (a certain subject)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a une licence à ¨s ingà ©nierie  - He has a BS in engineeringsa  - see  Ãƒ §asain  - healthy, sound, wholesome  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est sain et sauf chez lui  - Hes safe and sound at homesaint  - holy, saintly  Ã‚  Ã‚  le vendredi saint  - Good Fridayun  saint  - saintun  sein  - breastsais,  sait  - see  csang,  sans,  sen  - see  cenun  saut  - jump, leap  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il sest levà © dun saut  - He jumped to his feetun  sceau  - seal, stamp, mark  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest marquà © dun sceau  - Its marked with a sealun  seau  - bucket, pailsot  - silly, foolish, stupidscie  - see  cise  - see  cele  sel  - saltla  selle  - saddlecelle  (demonstrative pronoun) - this/that one  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je prà ©fà ¨re celle-ci  - I prefer this onesen,  sens,  sent  - see  censensà ©Ã‚  - see  censà ©sept,  sest vowel,  Sà ¨te  - see  cest vowelses,  sest  - see  csà ©tait,  sà ©taient  - see  cà ©taitsi,  six  - see  cisigne  - see  cygnesoi  - oneself  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il faut avoir confiance en soi  - One must be self-confidentle  soi  - self, id  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le soi, le moi et le sur-moi  - The id, the ego, and the superegosois  - first and second person singular  subjunctive  of  Ãƒ ªtre  (to be)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il faut que tu sois l  - You have to be therela  soie  - silk  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un chemisier en soie  - Its a silk blousesoient  - third person plural subjunctive of  Ãƒ ªtresoit  - third person singular subjunctive of  Ãƒ ªtrele  sol  - ground, floor, siltla  sole  - sole (fish)la  somme  - sum, amountle  somme  - snooze, napson  (possessive adjective) - his, her, its  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cà ©tait son idà ©e  - It was his ideale  son  - sound, bran  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un ingà ©nieur de son et il naime pas la farine de son  - Hes a sound e ngineer and he doesnt like bran floursont  - third person plural conjugation of  Ãƒ ªtre  (to be)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils sont en retard  - They are lateun  sou  - centsous  - undersur  - sour (adjective)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un peu sur  - Its a little soursur  (preposition) - on  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il ny a rien sur la table  - Theres nothing on the tablesà »r  - sure, certain  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oui, jen suis sà »r  - Yes, Im suresy  - see  ci French Homophones: T t  - letter of the  French alphabetle  thà ©Ã‚  - tea  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je prà ©fà ¨re le thà © vert  - I prefer green teata  (possessive adjective) - your  Ã‚  Ã‚  Voici ta valise  - Heres your suitcaseta  -  contraction  of  te  (object pronoun) third person singular conjugation of  avoir  (to have)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il ta dà ©j dit  - He already told youtant  - so (many/much)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il travaille tant !  - He works so much!le  temps  - weather, time  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quel temps fait-il ?  - Hows the weather?ten  -  contraction  of  te  Ã‚  en  (adverbial pronoun)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ten donne deux  - Im giving you two of themtend(s)  - singular conjugations of the French verb  tendre  (to strain, tighten)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tend la main et je te le donnera  - Hold out your hand and Ill give it to youtes  (possessive adjective) - your  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oà ¹ sont tes stylos ?  - Where are your pens?tes  -  contraction  of  te  (reflexive p ronoun) second person singular conjugation of  Ãƒ ªtre  (to be) [in the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  of a  pronominal verb]  Ã‚  Ã‚   quelle heure tes-tu rà ©veillà © ?  - What time did you get up?test  - contraction of  te  (object pronoun) third person singular of  Ãƒ ªtre  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quest-ce qui test arrivà © ?   - What happened to you?le  thon  - tuna (fish)ton  (second person singular  possessive adjective) - your  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oà ¹ est ton sac ?  - Wheres your bag?un  ton  - tone, pitch  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il parle sur un ton grave  - He speaks in a serious tonetond(s)  - singular conjugations of the French verb  tondre  (to shear, mow)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je tonds le gazon le samedi  - I mow the lawn on Saturdaytont  -  contraction  of  te   third person plural conjugation of  avoir  (to have)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils tont menti  - They lied to youle  tic  - tic, twitch  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a un tic nerveux  - He has a nervous ticla  tique  - tick  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mon chien a des tiques  - My dog has ticksla  tour  - towerle  tour  - tour, turntout  - all, everythingle  toux  - coughtu  - youtu  - past participle of the French verb  se taire  (to be quiet)tue(s)  - singular conjugations of  tuer  (to kill)tuent  - third person plural conjugation of  tuer French Homophones: U u  - see  eu French Homophones: V vain  - empty, superficial  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ce sont de vains mots  - Those are empty wordsle  vin  - winevingt  - twentyvins  - first and second person  passà © simple  of  venir  (to come)vint  - third person singular passà © simple of  venirvend  - third person singular conjugation of  vendre  (to sell)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il vend sa maison  - Hes selling his housevends  - first and second person singular conjugation of  vendrele  vent  - wind  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il y a du vent  - Its windyun  ver  - wormun  verre  - glassvers  (preposition) - towardun  vers  - versevert  - greenvoie  - first and third person singular  subjunctive  of  voir  (to see)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il faut quelle voie son frà ¨re  - She has to see her brotherla  voie  - way, route  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest une voie privà ©e  - Its a private roadvoient  - third person plural indicative and subjunctive of  voirvoies  - second person singular subjunctive of  voirvois  - first and second person singular indicative of  voir  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne le vois pas  - I dont see itvoit  - third person singular indicative of  voirla  voix  - voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils parlent voix basse  - They are speaking in low voicesvoir  - to see  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne peux pas voir là ©cran  - I cant see the screenvoire  - indeed, or even, if not  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest une bonne idà ©e, voire excellente  - Its a good, or even excellent, ideavu  - past participle of  voir  (to see)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je lai vu hier  - I saw him yesterdayvu  (presentative) - given, considering  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vu notre situation†¦Ã‚  - Given our situation†¦la  vue  - sight  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il perd la vue  - Hes losing his sight French Homophones: Y y  - see  i

Understanding the Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Understanding the Law - Essay Example While the binding principle of judicial precedents applies to ratio decidendi as applied in the original case, obiter dicta do not bind. This means that in cases where a judge is bound to use a precedent, the judge must apply the rules of law that were applied by the former judge as ratio decidendi. Other elements of the precedent case that do not form part of the precedent’s ratio decidendi are not binding (Robertson, 2010, p. 20). Types of judicial precedents Application of judicial precedents defines the types of precedents that have been identified in the judicial system. A judicial precedent can be original, binding, or persuasive. An original precedent is a first establishment of rule of law in cases where no precedent has been laid. This occurs when the facts of the case at hand does not correspond to facts of any other case for which a rule of law has been established in interpretation of the law. The presiding judge therefore establishes a precedent to the case called original precedent. A binding precedent is on the other hand a judicial decision that has already been established in a previous decision and whose application binds a judge. The principle of a binding precedent imputes a judge’s obligation to apply an already established precedent irrespective of the judge’s opinion over the principle of law as was established in the earlier case. This application is based on the rule that decision of a higher court binds judges of lower courts (Robertson, 2010, p.18- 19). Persuasive precedents are however not strictly binding to a judge as the judge has the freedom to either apply the precedent or not. This means that unlike in the case of a binding precedent, application of a persuasive precedent is at the... Understanding the law The paper will explore concepts of the two legal applications. Judicial precedents Judicial precedents, as defined by Robertson, are a source of law that originates from the judicial system. The doctrine of precedents establishes former decisions by judges to form ground for decisions to be made by other judges in future cases. The doctrine is based on the principle that an established rule of law through decisions of judges should remain standing. Robertson argues that the doctrine establishes ground for â€Å"fairness and certainty of law†. The doctrine of judicial precedence is a deviation from the traditionally perceived judicial role of interpretation of the law for implementation. While the primary role of the judiciary is to determine the best meaning in application of law in litigations, the doctrine of judicial precedents offers the judiciary a law making authority. This is because judicial precedents are recognized source of law in which an already established decisi on is to be applied in future cases involving similar facts. Application of judicial precedents however relies on two principles, ratio decidendi and obiter dicta. While the jury limits the powers of the judge in determining the case, the judge ensures that jurors are properly selected to eliminate chances of bias. The above views are therefore completely justified within the concept of democracy, openness, and fairness of the jury process.